Pauli blocking of stimulated emission in a degenerate Fermi gas

The Pauli exclusion principle in quantum mechanics has a profound influence on the structure of matter and on interactions between fermions. Almost 30 years ago it was predicted that the Pauli exclusion principle could lead to a suppression of spontaneous emission, and only recently several experiments confirmed this phenomenon. Here we report that this so-called Pauli blockade not only affects incoherent processes but also, more generally, coherently driven systems. It manifests itself as an intriguing sub-Doppler narrowing of a doubly-forbidden transition profile in an optically trapped Fermi gas of ³He. By actively pumping atoms out of the excited state, we break the coherence of the excitation and lift the narrowing effect, confirming the influence of Pauli blockade on the transition profile. This insight into the interplay between quantum statistics and coherent driving is a promising development for future applications involving fermionic systems.