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Genetic variants increase atopic dermatitis (AD) risk. Identifying these genetic factors could aid screening for military aviation candidates, preventing potential health risks in service members.

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Area of Science:

Genetics and immunology
Aerospace medicine
Dermatology

Background:

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent skin condition influenced by numerous genetic factors.
Understanding these genetic predispositions is crucial for risk assessment, particularly within demanding environments like military aviation.
Previous research has identified several genetic associations with AD, but a consolidated view for screening purposes is needed.

Approach:

A PRISMA-informed systematic review was conducted to identify genetic variants associated with AD.
The review analyzed 13 papers, reporting 98 distinct genetic associations with AD.
Key genes like LRRC32, OVOL1, IL13, RTEL1, and ZNF365 were highlighted due to their replication across multiple studies.

Key Points:

The review identified 98 genetic associations with AD, with 4 variants showing a more than twofold increased risk.
Forty-five associated genes were implicated, including frequently replicated genes such as LRRC32, OVOL1, and IL13.
The identified variants and genes provide a foundation for developing a polygenic risk model.

Conclusions:

A polygenic risk model based on identified genetic variants could enhance screening protocols for military aviation candidates.
This approach may help identify individuals with a higher genetic predisposition to AD and other atopic diseases.
Proactive genetic screening could mitigate health risks and optimize candidate selection within the aviation community.