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Related Concept Videos

Cerebrospinal Fluid01:21

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a colorless liquid that flows around the brain and the spinal cord, playing a vital role in the protection, support, and overall function of the central nervous system (CNS). CSF production, circulation, and absorption are tightly regulated processes essential for the brain and spinal cord to function properly.
CSF Production
CSF is produced mainly in the choroid plexus, a network of capillaries and ependymal cells located within the ventricular system of the brain....
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Reference range for cerebrospinal fluid values in neonates: 5-year retrospective study.

Swathi Gunti1, Vrinda Nair1,2, Prakash Kannan Loganathan1,3,4

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|October 30, 2022
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Summary

Cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell counts are similar in preterm and term infants. However, CSF protein is higher in preterm infants and those within the first week of life, influencing diagnostic parameters.

Keywords:
CSF WBC countCSF glucoseCSF proteinneonatetraumatic CSF

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Neonatal bacterial meningitis diagnosis relies on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters.
  • Establishing reference ranges for CSF parameters is crucial for accurate diagnosis in neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the reference ranges for CSF white blood cell count, protein, and glucose in term and preterm infants.
  • To identify factors influencing these CSF parameters in neonates.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed 232 CSF samples from infants aged 0-3 months (neonatal unit) and ≤28 days (pediatric acute care).
  • Infants with CSF bacteremia, viral infection, or traumatic lumbar puncture (RBC >500 cells/µL) were excluded.
  • Clinical, demographic, and microbiological data were collected.

Main Results:

  • Median CSF parameters: RBC 15/µL, WBC 3/µL, protein 0.72 g/L, glucose 2.8 mmol/L.
  • No significant difference in CSF white blood cell count between preterm and term infants.
  • Higher CSF protein observed in preterm infants and those within the first 7 days of life.
  • Antibiotic use prior to lumbar puncture and presence of any red blood cells in CSF impacted protein and white blood cell counts.

Conclusions:

  • Reference ranges for CSF parameters in neonates without meningitis were established.
  • CSF white blood cell counts are comparable between preterm and term infants.
  • CSF protein levels are higher in preterm infants and neonates within the first week of life.
  • Red blood cells in CSF influence diagnostic parameters.