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Functional and structural prerequisites for clinical pharmacy services.

J O Phillips, L M Strand, S A Chesteen

    American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
    |July 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Clinical pharmacy services show inconsistent implementation due to gaps in basic management prerequisites. Disagreements between pharmacy directors and clinical pharmacists highlight the need for better assessment of these essential practices.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmaceutical Services Management
    • Hospital Pharmacy Practice
    • Clinical Pharmacy

    Background:

    • Inconsistent implementation of clinical pharmaceutical services has been previously documented.
    • Understanding the factors influencing this inconsistency is crucial for improving patient care and medication safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the extent of implementation of basic structural and functional management prerequisites for clinical pharmaceutical services.
    • To determine the relationship between implemented prerequisites and the variety/volume of clinical services offered.
    • To identify discrepancies in perception between pharmacy directors and clinical pharmacists regarding implementation.

    Main Methods:

    • A survey of pharmacy directors and clinical pharmacists in 46 medium-sized hospitals.

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  • Random selection of 100 hospitals from a master list of 190 institutions providing clinical pharmaceutical services.
  • Assessment of 17 functional and structural prerequisites and nine types of clinical pharmaceutical services.

    • Main Results:

    • Hospitals surveyed had implemented 4 to 13 of the 17 studied prerequisites.
    • Only 24% of hospitals had implemented unit dose drug distribution and decentralized pharmaceutical services.
    • A weak correlation was observed between the number of prerequisites implemented and the number of clinical services provided.
    • Significant disagreements existed between pharmacy directors and clinical pharmacists regarding the implementation status of prerequisites and services.

    Conclusions:

    • There are notable gaps in the implementation of essential management prerequisites for clinical pharmaceutical services.
    • Discrepancies in perception between leadership and frontline staff indicate potential communication or assessment issues.
    • Pharmacy leaders and clinical pharmacists should evaluate the practical application of management prerequisites to enhance service delivery.