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Household occupancy and burglary: A case study using COVID-19 restrictions
Michael J Frith1,2, Kate J Bowers2, Shane D Johnson3
1Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, 0851 Oslo, Norway.
Journal of Criminal Justice
|October 31, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 restrictions impacted burglary rates, with residential burglaries decreasing due to increased home occupancy. Non-residential burglaries also declined, primarily during lockdown phases, supporting routine activity theory.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Environmental Criminology
- Sociology
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic led to government-imposed movement and activity restrictions.
- Routine Activity Theory posits that changes in daily activities influence crime opportunities.
- Increased household occupancy during lockdowns was hypothesized to affect residential and non-residential burglary rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on burglary patterns.
- To test the applicability of Routine Activity Theory in understanding crime shifts during the pandemic.
- To differentiate the effects of restrictions on residential versus non-residential burglaries.
Main Methods:
- Employed a spatio-temporal model to analyze crime data.
- Integrated Google Community Mobility data to assess changes in human activity.
- Examined burglary trends in relation to pandemic-related restrictions and household occupancy.
Main Results:
- Overall burglary rates declined during the pandemic and associated restrictions.
- Residential burglaries, particularly completed ones during the day, decreased significantly, correlating with household occupancy.
- Non-residential burglaries also decreased, but this was more strongly linked to the lockdown phase than activity pattern changes.
Conclusions:
- Findings generally support the Routine Activity Theory's predictions regarding crime displacement.
- Increased household occupancy emerged as a key factor influencing residential burglary reduction.
- The study offers insights for predicting future burglary trends based on societal activity patterns.
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