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Terrorism and the internet: How dangerous is online radicalization?
Jens F Binder1, Jonathan Kenyon2
1Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in Psychology
|October 31, 2022
Summary
Online radicalization drives extremist ideologies and violence, particularly in lone actor terrorism. While current threats are moderate, future risks are expected to rise with increased online terrorist activity.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Sociology
- Political Science
Background:
- Online influences are key drivers of extremist ideologies and violence.
- Radicalization is linked to collective grievances and influences lone actor terrorism.
- Understanding online radicalization is crucial for counter-terrorism efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the extent and magnitude of threat from online radicalization in terrorist acts.
- To examine the role and mechanisms of online radicalization in extremist offending.
- To review evidence on the prevalence and impact of online radicalization.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative studies were reviewed to estimate prevalence.
- Analysis of current positions and debates on online radicalization.
- Interpretation of existing evidence on online radicalization and threat.
Main Results:
- Online radicalization occurs both independently and in conjunction with offline processes.
- The current threat level from online radicalization is not excessively high.
- Estimates of prevalence and threat require careful interpretation.
Conclusions:
- Online radicalization is a real phenomenon influencing terrorist acts.
- The present threat is moderate but projected to increase significantly.
- Future risks necessitate ongoing monitoring of online terrorist activities.
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