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Association between plasma vitamin B5 and coronary heart disease: Results from a case-control study
Pengfei Sun1, Haoyu Weng1, Fangfang Fan1
1Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Insights
Higher plasma vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) concentrations are linked to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly below a threshold of 40.95 ng/ml. Smoking status significantly modifies this association.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The link between vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) and coronary heart disease (CHD) remains unclear.
- Understanding nutrient-disease relationships is crucial for public health and preventative strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between plasma vitamin B5 levels and the risk of developing CHD.
- To identify potential thresholds or modifying factors in the vitamin B5-CHD relationship.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study design was employed, including 429 CHD patients and 429 matched controls.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between plasma vitamin B5 concentration and CHD risk.
- Threshold effect analysis and interaction analysis with smoking status were conducted.
Main Results:
- An L-shaped relationship was observed between plasma vitamin B5 and CHD risk.
- Lower vitamin B5 levels (first quartile) were associated with increased CHD risk compared to higher levels (third and fourth quartiles).
- A significant protective effect of vitamin B5 on CHD risk was noted up to a concentration of 40.95 ng/ml, with the association being stronger in smokers.
Conclusions:
- Plasma vitamin B5 exhibits an L-shaped association with CHD risk, with a protective threshold around 40.95 ng/ml.
- Smoking status significantly modifies the relationship between vitamin B5 and CHD, suggesting a potential interaction.
- These findings highlight the importance of vitamin B5 status in cardiovascular health, particularly in the context of smoking.
Aim:
The relationship of vitamin B5 and coronary heart disease (CHD) is still uncertain. This case-control study was performed to evaluate the relationship between the plasma vitamin B5 concentration and the risk of CHD.
Materials And Methods:
The study involved 429 patients with >70% stenosis of the coronary arteries on coronary angiography and 429 matched controls were included for age ± 2 years, gender, and date of coronary angiography examination ± 180 days. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between plasma vitamin B5 and the risk of CHD.
Results:
An L-shaped relationship was found between the plasma vitamin B5 concentration and CHD. Compared with patients with low vitamin B5 (first quartile, <27.6 ng/ml), the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for participants in the third quartile (34.9-44.0 ng/ml) and fourth quartile (≥44.0 ng/ml) were 0.42 (95% CI, 0.26-0.70) and 0.49 (95% CI, 0.29-0.82), respectively. In the threshold effect analysis, the risk of CHD significantly decreased as the vitamin B5 concentration increased (per 10 ng/ml increment: OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.57-0.89) in participants with a plasma vitamin B5 concentration of <40.95 ng/ml; however, an increased plasma vitamin B5 concentration was no longer associated with a decreased risk of CHD (per 10 ng/ml increment: OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.87-1.14) in participants with a plasma vitamin B5 concentration of ≥40.95 ng/ml. The association between vitamin B5 and CHD was stronger in ever or current smokers than non-smokers (p-interaction = 0.046).
Conclusion:
Plasma vitamin B5 has an L-shaped relationship with CHD, with a threshold around 40.95 ng/ml. This association was modified by smoking.
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