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Related Concept Videos

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Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Related Experiment Videos

Play the plug: How bacteria modify recognition by host receptors?

Suma Tiruvayipati1, Dharjath S Hameed2, Niyaz Ahmed3

  • 1Infectious Diseases Programme, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|October 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The gut microbiome influences host health through ligand-receptor interactions. Understanding these microbe-host communications is key to developing new therapies against rising antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords:
antimicrobial resistance (AMR)bacteria host interactioninfection and immunitymicrobiotareceptor modification

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The gut microbiota profoundly impacts host immunity and physiology, influencing health and disease states.
  • Microbe-host interactions are mediated by ligand-receptor binding, with signaling pathways determining outcomes like homeostasis or disease.
  • Existing research highlights microbe-host interactions, but a comprehensive, updated inventory of ligand-receptor roles in disease is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on gut microbiome-host interactions.
  • To detail the mechanisms of ligand-receptor binding in health and disease.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for combating antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on gut microbe-host interactions.
  • Analysis of ligand-receptor binding mechanisms and their role in disease pathogenesis.
  • Examination of host receptor polymorphism and microbial effector proteins.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbial ligands interact with host receptors, initiating signaling cascades that can lead to symbiotic or parasitic relationships.
  • Host receptors mount responses to microbial ligands, with polymorphic variations influencing interaction specificity.
  • Pathogenic microbes can manipulate host receptors using effector proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiome-host interactions are diverse and complex, varying significantly between health and disease conditions.
  • A thorough understanding of these interactions is crucial for identifying novel therapeutic strategies.
  • This review provides an overview to aid in discovering new targets in the face of antimicrobial resistance and slow antibiotic development.