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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

3.5K
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
3.5K
Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Atomic Force Microscopy of Red-Light Photoreceptors Using PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Property Mapping
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Atomic Force Microscopy of Red-Light Photoreceptors Using PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Property Mapping

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High-resolution atomic force microscopy as a tool for topographical mapping of surface budding.

C Sbarigia1, S Tacconi1, F Mura2

  • 1Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|October 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) offers a novel approach to characterize extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their membrane budding. This study demonstrates AFM

Keywords:
extracellular vesicleshigh resolution microscopymembrane budsroughnesstopographical mapping

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Protrusion Force Microscopy: A Method to Quantify Forces Developed by Cell Protrusions
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Protrusion Force Microscopy: A Method to Quantify Forces Developed by Cell Protrusions

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Last Updated: Aug 23, 2025

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Protrusion Force Microscopy: A Method to Quantify Forces Developed by Cell Protrusions
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Protrusion Force Microscopy: A Method to Quantify Forces Developed by Cell Protrusions

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication, reflecting cellular health and disease.
  • Characterizing EV morphology and function is crucial for their use as biomarkers.
  • Current methods like electron microscopy (EM) have limitations in reproducibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a methodology for characterizing EV morphology and spatial distribution.
  • To compare the efficacy of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) against conventional EM for EV analysis.
  • To investigate the impact of oxidative stress on EV production and membrane dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells under control and oxidative stress conditions.
  • Performed comparative morphological and quantitative analysis of membrane budding and microvesicles-like vesicles (MVs).
  • Employed both Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Electron Microscopy (EM) for detailed analysis.

Main Results:

  • Both AFM and EM effectively characterized EVs and membrane budding.
  • AFM revealed differential plasma membrane budding profiles between physiological and stress conditions.
  • Results suggest a link between mechanical characteristics and the functional role of EVs.

Conclusions:

  • AFM provides reliable and detailed information on EV dynamics and cell surface variations.
  • A morphometric approach using AFM can enhance understanding of pathophysiological states related to EV trafficking.
  • AFM shows promise for studying EVs and their role in cellular processes.