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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

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Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:15

Carbohydrates: Dietary Sources and Requirements

626
Carbohydrates are predominantly obtained from plant sources. With the exception of lactose found in milk and insignificant glycogen amounts in meat, most consumed carbohydrates have plant origins. Monosaccharides and disaccharides, or sugars, can be sourced from fruits, honey, milk, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Grains and vegetables are rich in the polysaccharide starch. Two types of polysaccharides provide fiber: cellulose, which is abundant in many vegetables, forms undigestible roughage or...
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A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
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[Thiamin: Simply a vitamin?]

Sabrina Silhadi1, Simon Édouard Pinaud1, Mathieu Nendaz1

  • 1Service de médecine interne générale, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|October 31, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin B1 (thiamin) deficiency is often overlooked, despite common risk factors like alcohol and malnutrition. Early diagnosis of thiamin deficiency is crucial for preventing severe neurological conditions and improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Neurology
  • Internal Medicine

Context:

  • Vitamin B1 (thiamin) is vital for bodily functions and obtained solely through diet.
  • Thiamin deficiency is underdiagnosed, particularly in high-income countries, due to low suspicion.
  • Prevalence of risk factors like alcohol abuse and malnutrition is significant in the general population.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the under-diagnosis of Vitamin B1 deficiency in high-income countries.
  • To underscore the severe neurological and cardiovascular consequences of thiamin deficiency.
  • To emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment for better patient outcomes.

Summary:

  • Vitamin B1 deficiency, or thiamin deficiency, is an under-recognized condition in high-income countries despite prevalent risk factors such as alcohol consumption and malnutrition.
  • This deficiency can lead to severe clinical manifestations including Gayet-Wernicke encephalopathy, Korsakoff encephalopathy, and wet or dry beriberi.
  • These thiamin-deficiency disorders carry a high mortality rate and can result in significant long-term neurological and physical sequelae.

Impact:

  • Increased awareness can improve diagnostic rates for thiamin deficiency.
  • Timely intervention can prevent severe neurological damage and potentially fatal outcomes.
  • Public health initiatives may be needed to address risk factors and promote awareness of Vitamin B1 deficiency.