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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Temporomandibular Joint Pain Measurement by Bite Force and Von Frey Filament Assays in Mice
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Persistent Orofacial Pain Attendances at General Medical Practitioners.

C C Currie1,2, J Palmer1,2, S J Stone1,2

  • 1School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

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|October 31, 2022
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Summary

Persistent orofacial pain (POFP) patients show increasing medical practice attendances over 44 years in Wales. Few patients are referred, indicating potential care pathway improvements for managing POFP.

Keywords:
6 MeSH: temporomandibular joint disordersburning mouth syndromefacial painhealth services researchneuralgiatemporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Practice Data Analysis
  • Epidemiology of Pain Conditions
  • Healthcare Utilization Studies

Background:

  • Persistent orofacial pain (POFP) presents complex diagnostic and management challenges, potentially impacting patient outcomes.
  • Understanding trends in healthcare utilization for POFP is crucial for optimizing patient care pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze 44-year trends in medical practice attendances for POFP in Wales.
  • To determine patient attendance frequency and referral patterns for orofacial pain.
  • To identify factors predicting patient referral for POFP.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study utilizing the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank in Wales.
  • Extraction of orofacial and migraine diagnostic codes (Read codes) from 1974 to 2017.
  • Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis to assess attendance and referral trends and predictors.

Main Results:

  • Over 468,000 attendances for POFP and migraine were recorded, with an increasing attendance rate over the study period.
  • Approximately 30% of patients attended more than once, and 15.8% attended multiple times within a year.
  • Referrals were associated with 8,183 patients, with higher odds of referral observed in females, rural residents, the least deprived, and older individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Increasing POFP attendances suggest a rising incidence or improved diagnosis within the population.
  • The low referral rate and frequent repeat attendances highlight potential inefficiencies in current POFP care pathways.
  • Referral patterns indicate demographic and socioeconomic factors influence access to specialized care for orofacial pain.