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New cycle, same old mistakes? Overlapping vs. discrete generations in long-term recurrent selection.

Marlee R Labroo1, Jessica E Rutkoski2

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Summary

Discrete generations boost genetic gain in phenotypic recurrent selection by avoiding errors. Overlapping generations show similar results for genomic selection methods, with potential long-term benefits in specific scenarios.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant breeding and genetics
  • Quantitative genetics
  • Genomic selection

Background:

  • Recurrent selection is key for quantitative trait improvement, typically using discrete generations for rapid genetic gain.
  • Overlapping generations allow candidates to be considered across multiple cycles, especially relevant with genomic selection.
  • The impact of overlapping versus discrete generations on genetic gain in recurrent selection was previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of overlapping versus discrete generations on genetic gain in recurrent selection.
  • To compare these strategies across phenotypic, genomic truncation, and genomic optimum contribution selection methods.
  • To determine the optimal generation strategy for maximizing genetic gain and managing inbreeding.

Main Methods:

  • Stochastic simulation was employed to model recurrent selection scenarios.
  • Phenotypic selection, genomic truncation selection, and genomic optimum contribution selection were simulated.
  • Genetic gain was evaluated under both discrete and overlapping generation systems.

Main Results:

  • Discrete generations increased genetic gain in phenotypic selection by reducing selection error bias.
  • Genomic truncation selection showed similar genetic gain for both overlapping and discrete generations.
  • Overlapping generations offered a slight long-term advantage in genomic optimum contribution selection at very low inbreeding rates.

Conclusions:

  • Discrete generations are superior for recurrent phenotypic selection, particularly with low heritability, by mitigating selection bias.
  • For genomic truncation and optimum contribution selection, discrete and overlapping generations yield comparable genetic gain without non-genetic effects.
  • Overlapping generations may offer long-term benefits in genomic optimum contribution selection under extremely low inbreeding targets.