Risk Factors of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Patients Undergoing Redo Valve Surgery

Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after cardiac surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Patients following redo valve surgery possess many attributes that place them at risk for PMV, yet few studies particularly focused on them. The purpose of this study was to identify perioperative variables associated with PMV in redo valve surgery.

A retrospective study, including 117 patients who underwent redo valve surgery from November 2017 to September 2021, was performed. The potential perioperative risk factors for PMV were collected. PMV was defined as the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation for >24 h, after completion of the operation. The clinical data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses to identify risk factors for PMV following redo valve surgery.

The incidence of PMV was 38.5% (N = 45). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed perioperative risk factors for PMV included advanced age (age>57 years) [odds ratio (OR) 3.043, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.172-7.905, P = 0.022], low weight (weight ≤58 kg) (OR 2.798, 95% CI: 1.088-7.199, P = 0.033), EuroSCORE II ≥6.8% (OR 3.467, 95% CI: 1.364-8.817, P = 0.009), and VIS at 12 hours post ICU admission (VIS12) >10 (OR 5.613, 95% CI: 2.211-14.249, P < 0.001).

In adult patients undergoing redo valve surgery, advanced age, low weight, high EuroSCORE II and a high VIS at 12 hours post-ICU admission were associated with PMV. Hemodynamic status after operation were more important than preoperative and intraoperative variables in predicting PMV.