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Effect of asthma, COPD, and ACO on COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Yuka Uruma1, Toshie Manabe2,3, Yuji Fujikura4,5

  • 1Nagoya City University Medical School, Aichi, Japan.

Plos One
|November 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 patients with asthma or COPD had varying prevalence rates. While asthma did not significantly impact mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) substantially increased COVID-19 patient mortality risk.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Asthma, COPD, and ACO prevalence and mortality risks in COVID-19 patients are not well-defined.
  • Understanding these comorbidities is crucial for managing COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of asthma, COPD, and ACO in COVID-19 patients.
  • To determine the mortality risks associated with these respiratory conditions in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 101 studies including 1,229,434 COVID-19 patients.
  • Searched PubMed for eligible studies up to September 27, 2021.
  • Stratified analysis conducted by country.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence: Asthma 10.04%, COPD 8.18%, ACO 3.70%.
  • Mortality risk: Asthma OR 0.89 (not significant), COPD OR 3.79 (significant).
  • Highest asthma prevalence in France/UK; highest COPD prevalence in Netherlands/India.

Conclusions:

  • COPD significantly increases mortality risk in COVID-19 patients.
  • Asthma does not appear to significantly affect COVID-19 mortality.
  • Geographical variations in prevalence may be linked to disease pathophysiology and healthcare policies.
Abstract

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