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COVID-19-Associated Large- and Medium-Sized-Vessel Pathology: A Case Series
Stacey Chen1, Jad Malas1, Larry A Latson2
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York.
Aorta (Stamford, Conn.)
|November 1, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 can cause rare but serious large- and medium-sized blood vessel issues. These cardiovascular complications may appear late after infection, requiring ongoing monitoring in patients with COVID-19.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Imaging
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
- Vascular Pathology
Background:
- Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains a significant global health concern.
- The impact of COVID-19 on large- and medium-sized blood vessels is not fully understood.
- Characterizing these vascular complications is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify patients with COVID-19-associated large- and medium-vessel pathology using computed tomography (CT) imaging.
- To describe the clinical and radiological features of this rare cardiovascular manifestation.
- To provide insights into the presentation and management of these cases.
Main Methods:
- A single-center retrospective review was conducted.
- Included patients had CT scans concerning for large- and medium-vessel pathology and confirmed COVID-19 infection.
- Data were collected from March 1, 2020, to October 31, 2020.
Main Results:
- Out of 6,553 reviewed CT reports, 139 patients had pertinent imaging. Eight COVID-19 positive patients (median age 59) were identified with vascular pathology.
- All patients had cardiovascular risk factors; three had autoimmune disease. Four were not hospitalized for COVID-19.
- Two patients presented with chest/back pain a median of 39 days post-COVID-19 diagnosis, revealing extensive aortic pathology; one required surgery.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19-associated large- and medium-vessel pathology presents heterogeneously.
- These vascular issues can manifest as a late finding following COVID-19 recovery.
- Clinical follow-up and surveillance imaging are recommended for COVID-19 patients.
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