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Cycloalkanes02:28

Cycloalkanes

12.9K
Cycloalkanes are saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in the form of rings. They have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding acyclic alkane; therefore, their general formula is CnH2n. The structural formulas of cycloalkanes are simplified using the line-angle representation. The regular polygons are used to represent the cycloalkane rings, with each side representing a carbon-carbon bond.
The IUPAC nomenclature of cycloalkanes follows similar rules that apply to...
12.9K
Nomenclature of Alkynes02:39

Nomenclature of Alkynes

18.8K
Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds and have a general formula CnH2n-2. The nomenclature of alkynes follows a set of rules similar to alkanes and alkenes; however, alkynes bear the suffix "-yne" instead of "-ane" or "-ene." There are two approaches to naming alkynes:
18.8K
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

4.2K
Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
4.2K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

2.9K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
2.9K
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

5.4K
Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...
5.4K
Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

4.1K
Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom,...
4.1K

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Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
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Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units

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Pillar[n]arene-calix[m]arene hybrid macrocyclic structures.

Zhaona Liu1, Bing Li2, Leqian Song2

  • 1Medical School, Xi'an Peihua University Xi'an 710125 Shaanxi China zhaonaliu@peihua.edu.cn.

RSC Advances
|November 2, 2022
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Summary

Hybrid macrocyclic hosts combining pillar[n]arenes and calix[m]arenes were synthesized to enhance molecular recognition and create advanced self-assemblies. These novel structures exhibit potential in catalysis and the formation of mechanically interlocked molecules.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Macrocyclic hosts are crucial for molecular recognition and self-assembly.
  • Pillar[n]arenes and calix[m]arenes are prominent macrocyclic platforms.
  • Hybrid structures offer synergistic properties not found in individual components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize novel hybrid macrocyclic hosts integrating pillar[n]arene and calix[m]arene units.
  • To investigate the potential of these hybrid hosts in reserving planar chirality, enhancing molecular recognition, and forming advanced self-assemblies.
  • To explore their applications in catalysis and the construction of mechanically interlocked molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Development of synthetic strategies for constructing hybrid macrocyclic structures.
  • Utilizing rigid aromatic double bridges in pillar[n]arene dimers to incorporate calix[m]arene cavities.
  • Employing both covalent bonding and weak supramolecular interactions for composite formation.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of hybrid pillar[n]arene-calix[m]arene structures, preserving planar chirality.
  • Enhanced molecular recognition capabilities due to hybrid cavities.
  • Self-assembly into 'channels' and 'honeycomb' structures, and formation of rotaxanes.
  • Catalytic activity in aniline oxidative polymerization and solvent molecule trapping.

Conclusions:

  • Hybrid macrocyclic hosts offer a versatile platform for advanced supramolecular chemistry.
  • These structures demonstrate significant potential in molecular recognition, self-assembly, and catalysis.
  • The combination of pillar[n]arene and calix[m]arene moieties unlocks new possibilities in molecular design.