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Alcohol Use Disorder Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Tertiary Community Hospital
Richa Tikaria1, Maham A Khan1, Ling Wang1
1Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
Insights
The COVID-19 pandemic saw a significant rise in hospital admissions for alcohol use disorder (AUD) in 2020 compared to 2019. Factors like gender, race, and marital status influenced AUD admission rates.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, confirmed in the US in January 2020, caused widespread stress and anxiety.
- Increased mental health challenges during the pandemic may have impacted alcohol consumption patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the rate of hospital admissions for alcohol use disorder (AUD) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To compare AUD admission rates in a Michigan tertiary community hospital between 2019 and 2020.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of hospital data for patients admitted in 2019 versus 2020.
- Logistic regression used to determine the odds ratio of AUD admissions during the pandemic, controlling for covariates.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant increase in AUD admissions was observed in 2020 (3.26%) compared to 2019 (2.50%), with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.44 (P=0.002).
- Females (OR=0.22) and African Americans (OR=0.44) had lower odds of AUD admission compared to males and Whites, respectively.
- Divorced patients exhibited higher odds of AUD admission (OR=2.62) compared to married patients.
Conclusions:
- The study confirms a significant increase in AUD hospital admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Gender, race, and marital status were identified as significant risk factors associated with AUD admissions during this period.
Objectives:
The first case of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in the United States was confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in January 2020. The presence of COVID-19 and the subsequent spread of this disease led to stress, anxiety, grief, and worry. We aimed to study the rate of hospital admission for alcohol use disorder (AUD) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary community hospital in Michigan.
Methods:
Two subsets of hospital data were collected for comparison between hospitalized patients before and during the pandemic in a tertiary community hospital. Logistic regression was used to identify the odds ratio of AUD admission rates among all patients in 2020 compared with 2019 while controlling for covariates.
Results:
Our data showed a statistically significant increase in AUD patients in 2020 compared to 2019 (3.26% versus 2.50%, adjusted OR=1.44 with P=0.002). In addition, females had significantly lower chances of admission for AUD compared with males (OR=0.22 with P<0.001) and African Americans had significantly lower chances of admission for AUD compared to Whites (OR=0.44 with P <0.001). Divorced patients had a higher probability of admission for AUD compared to married patients (OR=2.62 with P<0.001).
Conclusion:
Our study found a significantly higher rate of AUD admissions in 2020 during the COVID-19 Pandemic compared to 2019. Gender, race, age, and marital status are significant risk factors related to AUD admissions.
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