The effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on mortality in Baotou, China, during 2015-2019

Air pollution was considered one of the main causes linked to increased morbidity and mortality around the world. This study aimed to estimate the effect of air pollutants on daily death in Baotou city of Inner Mongolia. Daily deaths data were provided by Baotou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the years 2015-2019 (Baotou CDC). The air pollutants, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, CO and maximum 8-h average concentrations of O₃, came from the eight environmental monitoring stations in Baotou city. Time-series plots were used to exploit the trend of air pollutants at calendar time. Generalized additive model was used to estimate the effect of air pollutants on daily death. Restricted cubic spline was employed to investigate non-line relationships between air pollutants and daily death. After adjusting the meteorological factors, non-accidental daily deaths were related to PM_2.5 (ER = 0.074%) and PM₁₀ (ER = 0.023%), respectively. In stratified analysis, population aged over 65 years and females were more sensitive to air pollutants exposure and warm season might make people more susceptible to air pollutants compared with cold season. PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ increase the risk of non-accidental and cardiovascular daily death, but not respiratory daily death.