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Common peripheral nerve entrapments in the upper limb.

Pramin Raut1, Neil Jones1, Marjan Raad1

  • 1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, UK.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|November 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral nerve entrapment, causing pain and weakness, is diagnosed via history and exam. Treatment progresses from activity modification to surgery for persistent symptoms.

Keywords:
Carpal tunnel syndromeCubital tunnel syndromeDouble crush syndromeMedianPeripheral nerve entrapmentUlnar

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve entrapment occurs when nerves pass through narrow anatomical spaces.
  • Compression leads to symptoms like pain, numbness, weakness, and muscle wasting.
  • Specific symptoms depend on the nerve and entrapment site.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnosis and management of common peripheral nerve entrapments.
  • To detail the presentation, investigation, and treatment of median, ulnar, and radial nerve entrapments.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies primarily on patient history and physical examination.
  • Further investigations are utilized for atypical presentations.
  • Management strategies include activity modification, steroid injections, and surgical decompression.

Main Results:

  • Repetitive actions and muscle overuse are common risk factors for nerve entrapment syndromes.
  • Early symptoms include pain and paresthesia, progressing to weakness and muscle atrophy.
  • Treatment efficacy varies, with surgery reserved for severe or persistent cases.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes are clinically diagnosed and managed based on symptom severity.
  • Understanding risk factors and anatomical locations is crucial for effective treatment.
  • A stepwise approach from conservative to surgical management optimizes patient outcomes.