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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

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Eclampsia in Italy: A prospective population-based study (2017-2020).

Alice Maraschini1, Silvia Salvi2, Elisabetta Colciago3

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Summary

Eclampsia incidence in Italy is low, with risk factors including multiple pregnancies and assisted reproductive technologies. Prompt treatment is crucial, but severe maternal complications remain high, emphasizing the need to extend the time between seizure and delivery.

Keywords:
EclampsiaHypertensive disorders of pregnancyMaternal mortalityMedical disorders in pregnancyPreeclampsia

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health Epidemiology

Background:

  • Eclampsia, a severe complication of pregnancy, poses significant risks to both mother and child.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors for eclampsia is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of eclampsia in Italy.
  • To identify risk factors associated with eclampsia development.
  • To investigate the management and perinatal outcomes of eclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, population-based cohort study was conducted.
  • Data were collected electronically and anonymously from women admitted for eclampsia between November 2017 and March 2020.
  • Key outcomes included incidence, risk factors, maternal/perinatal morbidity, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • The estimated incidence of eclampsia was 1.5 per 10,000 births.
  • Risk factors included multiple pregnancies (RR=4.51) and assisted reproductive technologies (RR=3.03).
  • Severe maternal complications occurred in one-third of cases, with one maternal death; neonatal morbidity affected 13.3% of newborns.

Conclusions:

  • Italy exhibits a low incidence of eclampsia, with timely use of antihypertensives and magnesium sulfate.
  • Despite prompt management, severe maternal complications persist.
  • Extending the interval between seizure and delivery is critical for improving maternal outcomes.