Cross-sectional observational study protocol: missing microbes in infants born by caesarean section (MiMIC):...

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Pediatrics
• Developmental Biology

Background:

• The infant intestinal microbiome is critical for health and development.
• Antibiotic exposure and C-section delivery are known to alter the infant microbiome.
• Rising C-section rates and antibiotic use necessitate research into potential microbial deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the impact of maternal antibiotic administration during pregnancy and/or C-section delivery on infant intestinal microbiome development.
• To identify potential microbial differences in infants born via C-section or exposed to maternal antibiotics.
• To track microbiome changes in infants until two years of age.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional observational study involving C-section and vaginally delivered infants.
• Maternal antibiotic exposure during the third trimester was a key variable.
• Collection of biological samples (stool, urine, saliva, hair, breast milk, vaginal swabs) from mothers and infants over nine visits for microbiome and metabolomic analysis.

Main Results:

• Data collection and analysis are ongoing.
• Specific findings on microbiome alterations due to maternal antibiotic use or C-section delivery will be reported upon study completion.

Conclusions:

• The study will provide insights into the long-term effects of early-life exposures on the infant gut microbiome.
• Findings will inform strategies to support healthy microbial development in infants.
• Understanding these influences is vital for addressing potential health implications in later life.