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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Systemic Veins01:11

Overview of Systemic Veins

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Systemic veins are crucial blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from various body tissues back to the heart. There are three systemic veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart, they are as follows.
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the...
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Veins of Thorax01:19

Veins of Thorax

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The azygos system is a crucial part of the body's circulatory system and drains most of the thorax. It comprises the azygos, hemiazygos, and accessory hemiazygos veins.
The azygos vein, positioned just right of the midline and anterior to the vertebral column, begins at the junction of the right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins, terminating in the superior vena cava. This vein drains blood from the right side of the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and posterior abdominal wall.
The...
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Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis01:18

Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis

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The human body is a complex system of interconnected parts, and the circulatory system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health. One key component of this system is the inferior vena cava, a large vein responsible for returning blood from the abdominopelvic viscera and abdominal walls to the heart.
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Overview of Systemic Arteries01:11

Overview of Systemic Arteries

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The human body is a complex, well-organized machine, and at the heart of its operations lies the circulatory system. This network of blood vessels, which includes systemic arteries, plays a vital role in maintaining life by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body.
Systemic circulation is the part of the cardiovascular system that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body's tissues and returns deoxygenated blood back to the...
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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

442
Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
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Persistent left superior vena cava: Case report.

Khadija Laasri1, Soumya El Graini1, Hiba Zahi1

  • 1Radiology Department, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.

Radiology Case Reports
|November 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare venous anomaly. This case highlights its detection in a patient undergoing lung resection, emphasizing awareness to prevent surgical complications.

Keywords:
Abnormal systemic venous returnCT angiogramPersistent superior vena cava leftTTE

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare congenital anomaly of the systemic venous system.
  • Patients with PLSVC may remain asymptomatic or present with varied clinical manifestations.
  • Surgical and interventional procedures require precise anatomical knowledge to avoid complications.

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old female with a history of esophageal atresia repair and prior right lung lobectomy presented for right lung resection.
  • Pre-surgical trans-thoracic echocardiography revealed a dilated coronary sinus, suggesting PLSVC.
  • Diagnostic confirmation was achieved through a saline contrast echocardiography (bubble study) and CT angiogram.

Findings:

  • The case details the diagnostic pathway for identifying PLSVC in a patient with complex surgical history.
  • Echocardiography and CT angiography are crucial for confirming the presence and anatomical course of PLSVC.
  • The anomaly was identified during pre-operative evaluation for a major thoracic surgery.

Implications:

  • Awareness of PLSVC is critical for surgeons and interventional cardiologists to prevent intraoperative and postoperative complications.
  • Accurate pre-procedural imaging is essential for patients with suspected or known venous anomalies.
  • Understanding the embryological basis of PLSVC aids in recognizing and managing this anatomical variant.