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A batch processed titanium-vanadium oxide nanocomposite based solid-state electrochemical sensor for zeptomolar

Tanvi Agarkar1,2,3, Sayantan Tripathy4,5,2, Vipin Chawla6

  • 1Department of Physics, Bennett University, India.

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|November 3, 2022
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Summary

This study developed a sensitive electrochemical biosensor using a novel nanocomposite for detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The dual-electrode sensor offers a cost-effective and decentralized diagnostic approach for pathogen detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biosensor Technology

Background:

  • Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) offer economical, decentralized, and sensitive pathogen diagnosis.
  • Electrochemical biosensors provide a promising platform for sensitive and cost-effective NAAT-based diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct and optimize a dual-electrode electrochemical sensor (DEES) using TiO2-V2O5 (TVO) nanocomposite for pathogen detection.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance and sensitivity of the TVO-based DEES for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of batch-processed TiO2-V2O5 (TVO) nanocomposite electrodes.
  • Characterization using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and I-V characterization to assess electrical conduction.
  • Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) readout.

Main Results:

  • XRD confirmed nanocomposite formation; XPS indicated oxygen vacancies enhancing electrical conduction.
  • The optimized DEES achieved limits of detection as low as 2.5 copies/μL for plasmid DNA and 0.25 copies/μL for RNA.
  • Successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in various sample matrices, including spiked serum and human genomic DNA.

Conclusions:

  • The developed TVO-based DEES demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.
  • This electrochemical biosensor represents a viable, cost-effective, and decentralized diagnostic tool for pathogen identification.
  • The sensor's performance was validated against established methods like real-time fluorescence and commercial screen-printed electrodes.