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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

6.3K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
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RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

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The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
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DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications
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DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

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RNA Nanostructures: From Structure to Function.

Ofer I Wilner1, Doron Yesodi1, Yossi Weizmann1,2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.

Bioconjugate Chemistry
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This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nucleic-acid nanostructures offer precise molecular scaffolding.
  • RNA's synthesis, properties, and natural functions make it a promising building block.
  • Recent advancements focus on RNA-based nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in RNA-based nanostructures.
  • To compare RNA and DNA as building materials for nanostructures.
  • To present diverse applications of RNA nanostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in RNA nanostructure research.
  • Comparative analysis of RNA and DNA properties for nanostructure construction.
  • Categorization and presentation of various RNA nanostructure designs and applications.

Main Results:

  • RNA offers advantages over DNA for nanostructure assembly due to its properties and synthesis ease.
  • RNA can be used alone, in combination with DNA, or as functional nanostructures.
  • Diverse applications of RNA nanostructures are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • RNA is a versatile and advantageous material for creating sophisticated nanostructures.
  • Further exploration of RNA nanostructures promises advancements in various scientific fields.
  • RNA nanostructures are key to developing novel molecular machines and scaffolds.