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Post-COVID-19 respiratory problems: burden and management.
Anna Kessler1, Melissa Heightman, Ewen Brennan
1Respiratory division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care
|November 3, 2022
Summary
Post-COVID respiratory issues affect many survivors, causing symptoms like breathlessness and cough for months or years. Clinical management focuses on physiotherapy to aid recovery and improve quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Post-COVID sequelae, or lingering symptoms after COVID-19 infection, present a significant global health challenge.
- Estimates of post-COVID symptom prevalence vary widely (2.3-51%) due to inconsistent definitions of Long COVID.
- Persistent symptoms significantly impact survivors' quality of life and ability to work.
Approach:
- This review synthesizes current understanding of post-COVID respiratory sequelae in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized survivors.
- It examines risk factors, common symptoms, diagnostic findings, and management priorities.
- The focus is on providing a comprehensive overview of the respiratory burden following COVID-19.
Key Points:
- Common respiratory symptoms include breathlessness, cough, chest pain, and exercise intolerance.
- Impaired diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide is a frequent pulmonary function abnormality.
- Interstitial lung damage affects 5-11% of posthospital survivors; disordered breathing is common across patient groups.
Conclusions:
- Respiratory sequelae following COVID-19 are prevalent and can persist for extended periods.
- Risk factors include age, sex, socioeconomic status, comorbidities, and acute infection severity.
- Respiratory physiotherapy is a key intervention for improving outcomes in post-COVID patients.