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Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cyanidin as potential anticancer agent targeting various proliferative pathways.

Muhammad Azhaf Safdar1, Rana Muhammad Nabeel Aslam1, Amna Shakeel1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Chemical Biology & Drug Design
|November 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cyanidin, a natural anthocyanin found in fruits and vegetables, shows significant anticancer potential against various cancers. This compound may offer a novel therapeutic approach by targeting key molecular pathways involved in cancer progression.

Keywords:
breast cancercyanidinliver cancerlung cancerprostate cancerthyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cyanidin is a natural anthocyanin found in pigmented plants like berries, apples, and oranges.
  • It possesses documented anticancer activities against multiple cancer types, including breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of cyanidin as a single phytochemical agent for treating diverse cancer types.
  • To provide insights into the pharmacological mechanisms underlying cyanidin's anticancer effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and data collection from scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) and libraries.
  • Analysis of cyanidin's molecular interactions and pathways relevant to cancer treatment.

Main Results:

  • Cyanidin likely inhibits cancer progression by modulating molecular pathways such as RAS and MAPK.
  • It activates pathways like caspases-3 and P-38, potentially inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
  • Cyanidin may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy by targeting less responsive cancer cells.

Conclusions:

  • Cyanidin demonstrates significant promise as a natural compound for cancer therapy.
  • Its multifaceted mechanisms of action offer a valuable approach to combatting various cancers.