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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid
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Permanent daylight saving time would reduce deer-vehicle collisions.

Calum X Cunningham1, Tristan A Nuñez1, Yasmine Hentati1

  • 1School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, College of the Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|November 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Changing clock time impacts deer-vehicle collisions. Shifting to year-round daylight saving time could prevent thousands of deer and human deaths annually by reducing dark-hour traffic.

Keywords:
animal-vehicle collisionsanthropogenic effectsdaylight saving timedeerdeer-vehicle collisionshuman-wildlife conflictroad ecologytemporal activitywildlife-vehicle collisions

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology and Conservation Biology
  • Transportation Science
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Wildlife-vehicle collisions are a major cause of wildlife mortality globally.
  • Seasonal clock time shifts alter human activity patterns, potentially affecting human-wildlife conflict.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of daylight saving time transitions on deer-vehicle collisions.
  • To quantify the effect of traffic timing relative to sunset on collision risk.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of over one million deer-vehicle collisions and 96 million hourly traffic observations in the US.
  • Utilizing the biannual clock time shift as a natural experiment.

Main Results:

  • Deer-vehicle collisions are 14 times more frequent in the two hours after sunset compared to before.
  • The autumn shift to standard time increases collisions by 16% due to increased post-sunset traffic.
  • Year-round daylight saving time could prevent significant numbers of deer and human fatalities and injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing post-sunset traffic through year-round daylight saving time offers substantial conservation benefits.
  • Permanent standard time is predicted to increase collision frequency and associated costs.
  • Temporal strategies targeting wildlife-vehicle collision risk are effective and economically beneficial.