Risk factors for ninety-day readmission following cervical surgery: a meta-analysis

As an important evaluation index after cervical surgery, ninety-day readmission is gradually being valued. Our study collected the latest published relevant studies, analyzed the risk factors of ninety-day readmission after cervical surgery, and continuously improved the postoperative rehabilitation plan. This study focuses on two research hotspots: (1) What is the rate of ninety-day readmission after cervical surgery? (2) What are the risk factors affecting the ninety-day readmission?

Based on the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases, this study searched for studies about ninety-day readmission after cervical surgery, from the establishment of the database to August 1, 2022. The evaluation indicators are as follows: age, American Society of Anesthesiology physical status (ASA) class, diabetes, hypertension, chronic heart diseases, chronic lung diseases, income, and payments for hospitalization. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.

Seven studies with 222,490 participants were eligible for our meta-analysis. The analysis displayed that there were statistically significant differences in the age (MD = - 4.60, 95%CI - 4.89-4.31, p < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 0.60, 95%CI 0.56-0.64, p < 0.00001), hypertension (OR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.30-0.54, p < 0.00001), chronic heart diseases (OR = 0.05, 95%CI 0.01-0.19, p < 0.00001), chronic lung diseases (OR = 0.46, 95%CI 0.43-0.49, p < 0.00001), income (OR = 2.85, 95%CI 1.82-4.46, p < 0.00001), and payments for hospitalization (OR = 2.29, 95%CI 1.14-4.59, p = 0.02) between readmission and no readmission groups. In terms of the ASA, there was no difference on the ninety-day readmission (p = 0.78).

Age, diabetes, hypertension, chronic heart diseases, chronic lung diseases, income, and payments for hospitalization are the risk factors of ninety-day readmission following cervical surgery.