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Design and Use of a Full Flow Sampling System FFS for the Quantification of Methane Emissions
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FLOWSA: A Python Package Attributing Resource Use, Waste, Emissions, and Other Flows to Industries.

Catherine Birney1, Ben Young2, Mo Li3

  • 1U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.

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|November 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The US Environmental Protection Agency developed the open-source Flow Sector Attribution (FLOWSA) Python package. This tool simplifies quantifying and attributing industrial environmental flows, improving data accuracy for environmental input-output models.

Keywords:
NAICSPythonUSEEIOemissions by industrymaterial flowsnational environmental accountsphysical accountsresource use by industrysatellite accountssector allocationtool ecosystemwaste by industrywater use by industry

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Industrial Ecology
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Quantifying industrial resource consumption, production, and emissions (flows) is complex due to diverse data sources and aggregation levels.
  • Existing datasets rapidly become outdated with new source data releases, posing challenges for accurate environmental accounting.
  • Attributing environmental flows to specific industries requires sophisticated methods to reconcile varied data scopes and formats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the open-source Flow Sector Attribution (FLOWSA) Python package developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).
  • To address the challenges in attributing environmental flows to US industrial and final-use sectors.
  • To provide a flexible tool for modeling and analyzing environmental flows and their attribution to economic sectors.

Main Methods:

  • FLOWSA utilizes Python to model environmental flows (resources, wastes, emissions, losses) drawn from or released to the environment by sectors.
  • It imports and standardizes data from various providers, then allocates primary data to industries using secondary data and file mapping.
  • The package allows users to adjust methodological, spatial, and temporal parameters to assess the impact of attribution choices.

Main Results:

  • FLOWSA provides standardized data outputs suitable for integration into USEPA's US Environmentally Extended Input-Output (USEEIO) models.
  • Demonstrated capabilities include building models and presenting results for US industry water, land, and employment flows.
  • The open-source nature facilitates accessibility and use for environmental flow quantification and attribution.

Conclusions:

  • FLOWSA offers a robust, adaptable solution for the complex task of attributing environmental flows to industrial sectors.
  • The package enhances the accuracy and timeliness of environmental data used in economic and life cycle assessments.
  • FLOWSA is available on GitHub, with associated data accessible via the USEPA's Data Commons, promoting transparency and further research.