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Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
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Adjustment disorder in the Armed Forces: a systematic review.

Amber McKenzie1,2, Howard Burdett1, Bethany Croak1

  • 1King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Journal of Mental Health (Abingdon, England)
|November 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Adjustment disorder (AjD) is common in armed forces (AF) personnel, with higher prevalence in serving members. Childhood adversity is a risk factor, and AjD increases suicide risk, though treatment effectiveness remains unclear.

Keywords:
Adjustment disorderarmed forcesmilitary personnelsystematic reviewveterans

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Area of Science:

  • Military mental health
  • Psychiatry
  • Psychological adjustment

Background:

  • Adjustment disorder (AjD) is a frequently diagnosed mental health condition in UK military personnel.
  • Understanding of AjD predictors, treatments, and outcomes in this population is limited.

Approach:

  • A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
  • A comprehensive literature search identified 83 studies on AjD in Armed Forces (AF) populations.
  • Research focused on prevalence, risk factors, and clinical/occupational outcomes.

Key Points:

  • AjD prevalence was higher in serving AF personnel (34.9%) than veterans (12.8%).
  • Childhood adversities were identified as a significant risk factor for AjD.
  • AjD is associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation (RR 4.70).
  • Talking therapies are common treatments, but effectiveness data is lacking.

Conclusions:

  • Adjustment disorder is prevalent across international AF populations.
  • Significant literature gaps exist regarding AjD in military personnel.
  • Further research is needed to understand AjD predictors and effective treatments.