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Neurophysiological Findings in Critical COVID-19 Patients With Peripheral Nervous System Manifestations
Susana Santiago-Pérez1, Sandra Espinosa-García2, Almudena Martínez-Pérez1
1Clinical Neurophysiology, Peripheral Nervous System Section, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; and.
Summary
Neurophysiological examination accurately diagnosed neuromuscular deficits in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Myopathy was the most frequent diagnosis, aiding treatment and prognosis in critical illness.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Intensive Care Medicine
- Neurophysiology
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in ICUs can develop neuromuscular issues.
- Previous studies have not detailed neurophysiological findings in these patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To diagnose the cause of neuromuscular deficit in severe COVID-19 patients using neurophysiological examination.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational case series of 22 COVID-19 ICU patients with neuromuscular deficit.
- Neurophysiological tests included nerve conduction studies, electromyography, and repetitive nerve stimulation.
Main Results:
- Myopathy diagnosed in 77.3% of patients; polyneuropathy in 18.2%.
- Focal neuropathies occurred in 54.6%, commonly affecting the common peroneal and ulnar nerves.
- No significant differences found between neurophysiological findings and clinical/analytical data.
Conclusions:
- Neurophysiological examination accurately diagnoses neuromuscular deficits in critical COVID-19 patients.
- Findings align with critical illness neuromuscular disease, with myopathy being most common.
- Diagnosis aids treatment selection and recovery prognosis.
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