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Enabling Rural Telehealth for Older Adults in Underserved Rural Communities: Focus Group Study.

Inga Hunter¹, Caroline Lockhart¹, Vasudha Rao¹

¹School of Management, Massey Business School, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

JMIR Formative Research

|November 4, 2022

Summary

Telehealth offers potential for rural health access, but understanding and trust are key enablers. Improving connectivity and community involvement are vital for successful telehealth adoption in rural areas.

Keywords:

access barrier barriers choice eHealth elder enabler enablers equity facilitator focus group older adult rural telehealth telemedicine trust underserved underserved populations

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Area of Science:

Health Services Research
Digital Health
Rural Health Equity

Background:

Telehealth is promoted for healthcare access, gaining global attention during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Limited research exists on telehealth needs within underserved rural populations.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate enablers for telehealth utilization in underserved rural communities.
Improve healthcare access for older adults in rural areas through telehealth.

Main Methods:

Conducted 7 focus groups and 13 interviews with 98 adults aged 55+ in 4 rural communities.
Thematic analysis of focus group transcripts explored telehealth use, community needs, and perceived barriers/enablers.
Participants discussed their experiences, evolving health service needs, and telehealth's potential role.

Main Results:

Telehealth understanding varied; users reported positive experiences like time/cost savings.
Key enablers included trust (in technology, users, system) and choice (service access, consultation type, deployment).
Barriers included unreliable internet, lack of digital devices, and need for user support; community hubs/mobile units were effective deployment models.

Conclusions:

Rural residents are receptive to telehealth, but trust and choice are critical factors.
Poor connectivity limits telehealth to basic phone/portal use; understanding and acceptance increase with trial, especially video.
Involving local rural communities in telehealth service design is essential for effective implementation.