Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Surveys02:16

Surveys

15.0K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
15.0K
Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

34.9K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
34.9K
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

32.7K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.7K
Real Time RT-PCR02:57

Real Time RT-PCR

58.0K
Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...
58.0K
Statistical Analysis: Overview01:11

Statistical Analysis: Overview

7.0K
When we take repeated measurements on the same or replicated samples, we will observe inconsistencies in the magnitude. These inconsistencies are called errors. To categorize and characterize these results and their errors, the researcher can use statistical analysis to determine the quality of the measurements and/or suitability of the methods.
One of the most commonly used statistical quantifiers is the mean, which is the ratio between the sum of the numerical values of all results and the...
7.0K
Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

11.9K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
11.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Interspecific comparison reveals disparities in insecticide adaptive evolutionary capacity in insect pests.

Pest management science·2026
Same author

Significant spatial shifting of the eukaryotic plankton community in a small-scale fish-killing harmful algal bloom of Prorocentrum and Karenia near Huangqi Peninsula, Lianjiang, Fujian, China.

Marine environmental research·2026
Same author

Ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray emission associated with black hole-jet systems.

National science review·2025
Same author

Nlgalectin mediates insecticide susceptibility in Nilaparvata lugens via modulation of bacterial symbiont.

Pesticide biochemistry and physiology·2025
Same author

Electrochemical In Situ Characterization Techniques in the Field of Energy Conversion.

Small methods·2025
Same author

Causal relationships between immune cells, plasma metabolites and lung adenocarcinoma: a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Journal of Cancer·2024
Same journal

Analysis of strength degradation of coal and rock masses and stability of mined areas under long term immersion environment.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Biogenic Silver-Selenium nanocomposite with anticancer activity and potent efficacy against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Preparation and physicochemical characterization of a biodegradable chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel synthesized in NaOH/urea medium.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Action-guilt, survivor-guilt, and depression in combat-related PTSD.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Explainable machine learning for predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients: A retrospective study using SHAP interpretability.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Deep learning based two-way feature depiction model for brain tumor detection.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs
07:13

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs

Published on: April 9, 2021

4.3K

COVID-19 sentiment analysis using college subreddit data.

Tian Yan1, Fang Liu1

  • 1Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States of America.

Plos One
|November 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased negative sentiments online by 25.7%. In-person learning during the pandemic was also associated with 48.3% higher odds of negative sentiment compared to remote learning.

More Related Videos

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

13.6K
Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR Saliva Diagnostic Strategy utilizing Open-Source Pipetting Robots
11:11

Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR Saliva Diagnostic Strategy utilizing Open-Source Pipetting Robots

Published on: February 11, 2022

4.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs
07:13

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs

Published on: April 9, 2021

4.3K
Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
16:14

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

13.6K
Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR Saliva Diagnostic Strategy utilizing Open-Source Pipetting Robots
11:11

Efficient SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR Saliva Diagnostic Strategy utilizing Open-Source Pipetting Robots

Published on: February 11, 2022

4.6K

Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Computer Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted societal well-being and individual psychological states.
  • Real-world data from social media offers insights into these widespread effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on public emotions and psychological well-being.
  • To compare sentiment during the pandemic (2020) with a pre-pandemic period (2019) using social media data.

Main Methods:

  • Collected Reddit data from university-affiliated subreddits for 2019 and 2020.
  • Employed Robustly Optimized BERT pre-training approach (RoBERTa) for text embedding.
  • Utilized a graph attention network (GAT) and model stacking for sentiment classification.
  • Applied a generalized linear mixed-effects model to analyze pandemic and learning modality effects on sentiment.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in negative sentiments was observed in 2020 (pandemic) compared to 2019 (pre-pandemic) (odds ratio = 1.257, p < 0.001).
  • In-person learning during the pandemic was associated with higher odds of negative sentiment (48.3%) compared to remote learning (p = 0.029).

Conclusions:

  • Findings align with existing literature on the negative psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Demonstrates the utility of integrating machine learning and statistical modeling for analyzing real-world social media data.
  • Highlights the pandemic's adverse effects on societal emotional states and the impact of learning environments.