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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Condensed Matter Physics
  • Topological Quantum Matter
  • Quantum Information Theory

Background:

  • Chiral spin liquids, a state of matter exhibiting topological order, have posed challenges for representation using projected entangled pair states (PEPS).
  • Doubts existed regarding the fidelity of PEPS in capturing the essential properties of these complex quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether projected entangled pair states (PEPS) can accurately represent chiral spin liquids with topological order.
  • To demonstrate the viability of PEPS for simulating such systems through variational optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a spin-1/2 chiral frustrated Heisenberg model as a starting point.
  • Employed variational optimization techniques within the PEPS framework.
  • Analyzed bulk and edge properties, including correlation functions and edge modes.
  • Compared convergence and accuracy against cylinder matrix-product state simulations.

Main Results:

  • A faithful representation of the chiral spin liquid phase was achieved using a generic PEPS.
  • Identified a chiral gapless edge mode and rapid decay of bulk correlations, consistent with a gapped bulk.
  • Observed a long-range correlation tail explained by PEPS bulk-edge correspondence.
  • Demonstrated rapid decrease of spurious features (SU(2) symmetry breaking, long-range tails) with increasing bond dimension.

Conclusions:

  • Projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are fundamentally relevant for simulating systems with chiral topological order.
  • PEPS offer a powerful and efficient ansatz, surpassing state-of-the-art methods in accuracy and convergence for these systems.