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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

In vivo Near Infrared Fluorescence NIRF Intravascular Molecular Imaging of Inflammatory Plaque, a Multimodal Approach to Imaging of Atherosclerosis
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Vulnerable Plaque Imaging.

Takehiro Nakahara1, H William Strauss2, Jagat Narula2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
|November 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers how inflammation drives atherosclerotic plaque progression. It details imaging techniques and molecular tracers for identifying vulnerable plaques prone to rupture.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic plaque progression is driven by inflammation.
  • Vulnerable plaques pose a risk for rupture and clinical events.
  • Accurate characterization of plaque vulnerability is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of atherosclerotic plaque progression.
  • To review imaging techniques for identifying vulnerable plaques.
  • To discuss molecular tracers for visualizing plaque vulnerability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of atherosclerotic plaque progression.
  • Analysis of invasive and noninvasive imaging modalities.
  • Examination of molecular targets associated with plaque vulnerability.

Main Results:

  • Inflammation is a key driver of atherosclerotic plaque development.
  • Specific molecular signatures (e.g., inflammatory cells, lipids, hypoxia, angiogenesis factors, proteases, thrombus, hemorrhage, apoptosis, microcalcification) indicate plaque vulnerability.
  • Various imaging techniques can detect these molecular signatures.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding plaque progression and vulnerability is essential.
  • Advanced imaging and molecular tracers offer promising tools for identifying high-risk atherosclerotic plaques.
  • Further research into targeted tracers can improve early detection and intervention strategies.