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Postoperative opioid administration and post-traumatic stress symptoms in preschool children after cardiac surgery

Kelly A Davis1, Mary S Dietrich2, Mary Jo Gilmer3

  • 1Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA; Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Children's Way, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|November 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Total postoperative opioid use did not correlate with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in young children after heart surgery. However, morphine showed a favorable association with PTSS in children with single-ventricle physiology.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
  • Pain Management
  • Psychological Outcomes

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) can affect children after surgery.
  • Understanding the impact of postoperative pain management on PTSS is crucial for pediatric cardiac patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between postoperative opioid administration and PTSS in preschool-aged children following cardiac surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 3-6 year olds who underwent cardiac surgery.
  • Survey administration and medical chart review were used.
  • Opioid administration was quantified using morphine milligram equivalents, indexed to body weight.

Main Results:

  • No significant relationship was found between total postoperative opioid administration and child PTSS.
  • Morphine demonstrated a significant inverse relationship with PTSS scores in children with single-ventricle physiology (rs = -.57, p = .017).

Conclusions:

  • Overall postoperative opioid administration did not correlate with PTSS in this cohort.
  • Morphine administration was favorably associated with lower PTSS in preschoolers with single-ventricle physiology.
  • Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac surgeryCongenital heart diseaseOpioid administrationPediatric mental healthPosttraumatic stress

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