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Dyadic reciprocal associations between self-efficacy and planning predict sedentary behaviour.

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In adult dyads, higher self-efficacy in reducing sedentary behavior (SB) at week two predicted increased planning to reduce SB, ultimately leading to less SB time eight months later. This supports the idea that self-efficacy can foster planning for health behavior change.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Psychology
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • Bidirectional relationships exist between self-efficacy and planning in health behavior change.
  • Two hypotheses, the cultivation and enabling hypotheses, explain these associations.
  • Understanding the temporal order is crucial for effective interventions targeting sedentary behaviors (SB).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the order of self-efficacy and planning in predicting health behavior change within adult dyads.
  • To examine the cultivation hypothesis (self-efficacy influencing planning) versus the enabling hypothesis (planning influencing self-efficacy).
  • To explore these dynamics in the context of reducing sedentary behaviors (SB).

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study with 320 adult dyads and 4 measurement points over 8 months.
  • Self-efficacy and planning were assessed, while sedentary behavior (SB) was measured objectively using accelerometers.
  • Path analyses were used to test mediation models with dyadic reciprocal effects.

Main Results:

  • A significant indirect effect was observed: higher partner self-efficacy at T2 predicted focus person's planning at T3.
  • Focus person's planning at T3 subsequently predicted lower partner SB time at T4.
  • No other significant indirect effects were found.

Conclusions:

  • Findings partially support the cultivation model, where self-efficacy promotes planning for behavior change.
  • Results indicate dyadic reciprocal associations in reducing sedentary behavior (SB) among adult dyads.
  • Self-efficacy may play a key role in initiating planning for health behavior change.