Ambulatory colectomy: a pathway for advancing the enhanced recovery protocol

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols employ multiple factors to decrease surgical stress and improve recovery (Lyon et al., World J Gastroenterol 18(40):5661-5663, 2012). These protocols use multimodal approaches to improve outcomes, including length of stay and morbidities (Lyon et al., World J Gastroenterol 18(40):5661-5663, 2012; Carmichael et al., Dis Colon Rectum 60:761-784, 2017). The ERAS guidelines have evolved since development; however, the question is posed of how to improve next (Lyon et al., World J Gastroenterol 18(40):5661-5663, 2012). With the success of ERAS, in combination with milestones made by minimally invasive surgery (MIS), it is our aim to describe the next step of same day discharge colectomy. Retrospective review was performed on all colectomies from February 2019 to January 2022. Same day discharge (SDD) was defined as admission less than 23 h and no overnight stay. Procedures were nonemergent and MIS. Patients were candidates SDD based on comorbidities, communication means, and social support. SDD candidacy continued if surgery was uncomplicated. Next, patients were required to achieve strict Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) criteria for discharge. SDD patients were monitored via calls or messages until their first appointment. After analysis, 326 total colectomies were identified; based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 115 patients underwent SDD, 35.3%. Of the 115 SDD, 5 patients returned to the emergency department, only 1 required readmission (0.9%). The most performed procedures were low anterior resection, 61 (53.0%), and right hemicolectomy, 25 (21.7%). Using ERAS protocols as a groundwork to improve upon, we identified several ways to advance select patients into SDD. Using strict patient selection, intraoperative regulations, and rigorous postoperative criteria, we found that SDD as an advancement of ERAS is a relatively safe procedure with minimal complications.