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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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There are two criteria that favor, but do not guarantee, the spontaneous formation of a solution:
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Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
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A comprehensive methodology to study double emulsion stability.

Nico Leister1, Vanessa Götz2, Stephan Jan Bachmann3

  • 1Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Chair of Food Process Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

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|November 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Understanding cooperative surfactant adsorption in double emulsions enhances stability. Competitive adsorption improves encapsulation efficiency and interfacial elasticity, leading to better coalescence resistance.

Keywords:
CoalescenceDiffusionDouble emulsionsStabilitySurfactants

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Emulsion stability relies on viscoelastic interfacial films.
  • Double emulsions involve both hydrophilic and lipophilic surfactants, creating two interfacial films.
  • Current design methods for double emulsions are empirical, lacking a knowledge-based approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cooperative surfactant adsorption at water/oil interfaces in double emulsions.
  • To understand how surfactant distribution and conformation impact interfacial properties and emulsion stability.
  • To provide a knowledge-based approach for designing stable double emulsion systems.

Main Methods:

  • Single droplet diffusion experiments and simulations to determine surfactant distribution.
  • Dye transport and single droplet coalescence time measurements for stability assessment.
  • Surface rheology, sum frequency generation spectroscopy, and dissipative particle dynamics simulations for interfacial conformation analysis.

Main Results:

  • Hydrophilic and lipophilic surfactant combinations significantly alter water/oil interfacial properties and dye release.
  • Competitive adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate and a lipophilic surfactant enhances encapsulation efficiency.
  • Intercalation of surfactant alkyl chains into oil chains improves interfacial elasticity and coalescence resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Cooperative adsorption of specific hydrophilic and lipophilic surfactants can be leveraged to engineer robust interfacial films.
  • This understanding enables the rational design of double emulsions with improved stability and encapsulation.
  • The findings pave the way for replacing empirical methods with predictive models in double emulsion formulation.