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Granular piston-probing in microgravity: powder compression, from densification to jamming.

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Gravity significantly impacts powder flow. In microgravity, granular materials jam at lower densities due to altered particle configurations and increased cohesive forces, unlike on-ground conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Macroscopic behavior of granular solids depends on microscopic force chains and material history.
  • Understanding gravity's influence on powder flow is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of gravity on granular material jamming under compression.
  • To compare powder flow behavior in on-ground and microgravity environments.

Main Methods:

  • Subjecting granular material to piston compression in a closed container.
  • Conducting experiments both on-ground and during parabolic flights (microgravity).
  • Analyzing packing fraction and jamming onset.

Main Results:

  • Piston probing densifies granular packing and leads to jamming in both gravitational conditions.
  • Jamming initiates at a lower packing fraction in microgravity compared to on-ground.
  • Microgravity alters granular fabric, favoring stability at lower densities.

Conclusions:

  • Gravitational force influences granular fabric and reorganization dynamics.
  • In microgravity, cohesive forces become more dominant, leading to earlier jamming.
  • Results suggest a need for combined microscopic and continuum models to explain granular behavior under varying gravity.