Variables associated with skin dryness in the elderly

This study investigated whether sebum secretion and other external variables were associated with the occurrence of dry skin in the elderly. The sample consisted of 76 elderly white individuals ranging in age from 65 to 97 years who resided in retirement homes. Dry skin was measured through verbal report and verified by observation. Sebum was collected on dacron mesh disks and measured by quantitative thin layer chromatography. Other variables pertinent to the occurrence of dry skin were measured through structured interview. Dry skin was found in 59% of the subjects. Mean sebum secretion rate was .534 mg/10 sq cm/3 hr. Although sebum secretion rate was significantly lower in females than in males, p less than .001, sebum levels did not differ significantly as a function of dry skin for either sex. A significant association was found between severity of skin dryness and age, p less than .02. The findings refute the widely held, though untested belief, that the decreased sebaceous gland activity that accompanies aging is responsible for skin dryness in the elderly.