Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis: An Update

Canine ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are zoonotic tick-borne diseases with broad distribution. Advances in diagnostics have enhanced our understanding of the species of rickettsial organisms involved, their expanding geographic distribution, and their impact on the health of dogs, cats, and people. While clinical remission can be achieved with appropriate antimicrobial therapy, optimal treatment modalities for the elimination of infection remain somewhat uncertain. Protection through vaccines for ehrlichiosis or anaplasmosis remains elusive. This review provides practicing veterinarians with the most current information about the transmission, diagnosis, and management of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs and cats.