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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

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Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
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Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

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[FGF23 tumor induced osteomalacia].

S A Gronskaia1, Zh E Belaya1, G A Melnichenko1

  • 1Endocrinology Research Centre.

Problemy Endokrinologii
|November 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Tumor-induced osteomalacia, caused by tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), disrupts phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism. Early diagnosis and surgical tumor removal offer a cure for this rare bone disease.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Metabolic Bone Disease

Context:

  • Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare acquired condition.
  • Mesenchymal tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are the primary cause.
  • Excess FGF23 disrupts phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism, leading to severe symptoms.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of modern diagnostic and treatment approaches for tumor-induced osteomalacia.
  • To highlight the importance of a step-by-step diagnostic process.
  • To discuss current and developing therapeutic strategies.

Summary:

  • This rare disease results from mesenchymal tumors overproducing FGF23, causing profound disturbances in mineral metabolism.
  • Clinical manifestations include fractures, bone pain, and myopathy, often leading to delayed diagnosis and significant disability.

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Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
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  • Diagnosis involves thorough history, functional and anatomical imaging, with surgical resection as the primary treatment. Conservative management and novel therapies are also discussed.

    • Impact:

    • Early and accurate diagnosis through a structured approach can significantly improve patient outcomes.
    • Surgical resection of the causative tumor offers the potential for a complete cure.
    • Advancements in understanding FGF23's role are paving the way for new targeted therapies, including antibodies and receptor inhibitors.