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Adolescent depression shows significant generational differences, with the 2000 birth cohort experiencing lower initial depression levels than the 1997 birth cohort. This highlights both age and cohort effects on youth mental health.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adolescent mental health is influenced by generational factors, known as cohort effects.
  • Understanding variations in depressive symptoms across different birth cohorts is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the specific cohort effects on adolescent depression in South Korea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in depressive symptoms among adolescents from 8th to 10th grade.
  • To compare the depressive symptom trajectories between the 1997 and 2000 birth cohorts.
  • To identify the presence and impact of cohort effects on adolescent depression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized latent growth curve modeling and multi-group analysis.
  • Analyzed data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey.
  • Compared depressive symptom trajectories of 2,070 students (2000-birth cohort) and 2,278 students (1997-birth cohort).

Main Results:

  • A significant cohort effect was observed in adolescent depression levels.
  • The 2000-birth cohort exhibited significantly lower initial depression levels (17.75) compared to the 1997-birth cohort (19.49).
  • Both age and cohort effects influence adolescent depression.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent depression is shaped by both developmental (age) and generational (cohort) factors.
  • Potential societal events, such as the 2012 mental health screening and the 2014 Sewol Ferry Disaster, may have influenced the observed cohort effect.
  • Further research is needed to explore these influences and inform mental health strategies for adolescents.