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Common coronary artery occlusions in patients with myocardial infarction

Itedal Abdelraheem Mohamed Ahmed1, Nagla Hussein Mohamed Khalid2, Ahmed Elsir Mokhtar Abd-Elmagid1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The Pan African Medical Journal
|November 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The left anterior descending artery is the most common coronary artery affected in myocardial infarction patients in Najran, KSA. This finding is crucial for understanding coronary artery disease (CAD) in the region.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally.
  • Myocardial infarction (MI) represents a critical manifestation of CAD.
  • Understanding the specific patterns of coronary artery occlusion is vital for regional healthcare strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the primary coronary arteries occluded in patients experiencing myocardial infarction.
  • To analyze the clinical and angiographic characteristics of these patients in Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 661 MI patients from March 2020 to March 2021.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients over 15 years old, KSA residents, diagnosed with coronary artery occlusion via angiography.
  • Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze patient data.

Main Results:

  • The study included 661 patients, with 82.9% males and 17.1% females, aged 15-85 years (mean age 55-64).
  • ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was the most frequent diagnosis (55.4%), followed by non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) (28.3%).
  • The Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery was the most commonly occluded vessel.

Conclusions:

  • The Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery is the most frequently affected coronary artery in patients with myocardial infarction.
  • These findings highlight the LAD's significance in MI pathogenesis within the Najran region.
  • This data can inform targeted prevention and treatment strategies for CAD in KSA.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseaseacute coronary syndromecoronary and branch occlusioncoronary patterninfarction

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