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Lifestyle Interventions to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes: a Systematic Review and Specified Meta-Analyses
Susann Behnam1,2,3, Nina Timmesfeld4, Birgit Arabin1,5
1Clara Angela Foundation, Berlin, Germany.
Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde
|November 7, 2022
Summary
Lifestyle interventions like exercise and behavioral therapy can reduce risks for pregnant women with overweight or obesity. Combined approaches, especially with behavioral support, significantly lower maternal weight gain and neonatal birthweight.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Public Health
- Clinical Nutrition
Background:
- Maternal overweight and obesity pose significant risks during pregnancy.
- Effective lifestyle interventions are crucial for improving pregnancy outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze lifestyle interventions for overweight and obese pregnant women.
- To assess the impact on key pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Searched PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases.
- Included trials with pre-registered or audited interventions and primary outcome data.
Main Results:
- Exercise alone significantly reduced hypertensive disorders (OR 0.52).
- Combined interventions with behavioral therapy reduced maternal weight gain (SMD -0.16 kg) and neonatal birthweight (SMD -0.4 g).
- Higher physical activity frequencies correlated with improved outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Combined lifestyle interventions, particularly those incorporating behavioral therapy, are effective in managing maternal weight and neonatal outcomes.
- Exercise shows promise in reducing hypertensive disorders.
- Future research should explore higher intensity physical activity interventions.
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