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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

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The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Acute interstitial nephritis manifesting as a persistent nephogram.

Lien Van Liedekerke1, Roel Beckers1, Kenneth Carels1

  • 1AZ Maria Middelares, Buitenring-Sint-Denijs 30, Ghent 9000, Belgium.

Radiology Case Reports
|November 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A persistent nephrogram in patients with acute renal failure indicates potential acute interstitial nephritis. This finding is crucial for accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of kidney disease.

Keywords:
Acute interstitial nephritisContrast-enhanced computed tomographyKidney biopsyPersistent nephrogram

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) is a critical condition requiring prompt diagnosis.
  • Persistent nephrogram on imaging can be a challenging diagnostic sign.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old woman presented with elevated inflammatory markers and ARF.
  • Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed enlarged kidneys with a persistent nephrogram.
  • Renal biopsy confirmed acute interstitial nephritis.

Findings:

  • The case highlights a direct correlation between persistent nephrogram and acute interstitial nephritis.
  • Imaging findings, particularly persistent nephrogram, are key indicators in diagnosing renal pathologies.

Implications:

  • Acute interstitial nephritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with a persistent nephrogram.
  • This case underscores the importance of integrating imaging findings with biopsy results for accurate diagnosis of renal failure.
  • Early recognition of acute interstitial nephritis can lead to improved patient outcomes.