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Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma Features Shown by FDG-PET/CT
Kozo Kuribayashi1, Kazuhiro Kitajima2, Toshiyuki Minami1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan.
Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis
|November 7, 2022
Summary
¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is highly effective for identifying biopsy sites in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM). This imaging modality aids in diagnosis when other methods are insufficient, improving patient care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nuclear Medicine
- Radiology
Background:
- Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM) lacks specific imaging features for differentiation from other peritoneal tumors.
- Peritoneal cytology has low diagnostic accuracy, often necessitating histological confirmation.
- Histopathology remains the gold standard for definitive MPeM diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in identifying optimal biopsy sites for MPeM.
- To assess FDG-PET/CT's ability to reflect tumor viability in MPeM.
- To correlate FDG-PET/CT findings with histopathological subtypes of MPeM.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pre-biopsy FDG-PET/CT scans from 60 MPeM patients.
- Evaluation of FDG uptake patterns and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax).
- Comparison of imaging findings across different histopathological subtypes (epithelial, biphasic, sarcomatoid).
Main Results:
- FDG-PET/CT identified MPeM in 91.7% of patients, demonstrating high sensitivity.
- The mean SUVmax was 7.32±4.05, with variations across histopathological subtypes but no statistically significant differences.
- Metastatic patterns (nodal and extra-abdominal) varied by subtype, and common findings included ascites (83.3%) and pleural effusion (71.7%).
Conclusions:
- FDG-PET/CT is a valuable tool for guiding biopsies in MPeM due to its ability to visualize metabolically active tumor sites.
- The imaging modality aids in characterizing disease extent and potential metastatic spread.
- FDG-PET/CT enhances diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning for MPeM.
