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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
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Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Generation of Two-color Antigen Microarrays for the Simultaneous Detection of IgG and IgM Autoantibodies

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Published on: September 15, 2016

Autoantibodies - enemies, and/or potential allies?

Hui Ma¹, Caroline Murphy¹, Christine E Loscher¹

¹School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.

Frontiers in Immunology

|November 7, 2022

Summary

Autoantibodies can harm the body but are valuable diagnostic tools. Detecting autoantibodies aids early disease detection, prognosis, and potential therapies for conditions like autoimmune diseases and COVID-19.

Keywords:

COVID - 19 autoantibody autoimmune disease biomarker cancer diagnosis treatment

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Last Updated: Aug 22, 2025

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Biochemistry
Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

Autoantibodies target self-antigens, causing autoimmune diseases.
Despite harmful potential, autoantibodies are crucial for disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically assess the dual role of autoantibodies.
To highlight their utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
To discuss challenges in autoantibody detection.

Main Methods:

Literature review of autoantibody functions and applications.
Analysis of autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases, cancers, and COVID-19.
Evaluation of detection methodologies and their implications.

Main Results:

Autoantibodies offer early disease detection and stability advantages over antigens.
They enable enhanced diagnostics and prognostic predictions.
Potential therapeutic applications of autoantibodies are being explored.

Conclusions:

Autoantibodies present both detrimental and beneficial aspects in human health.
Their detection is vital for advancing diagnostics and therapeutics.
Further research into autoantibody detection and application is warranted.