Surgery or Endovascular Therapy for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia

Alik Farber¹, Matthew T Menard¹, Michael S Conte¹+42

• ¹From the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine (A.F., M.F.V., J.A. Kalish, J.J.S.), the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (M.T.M., M.B.S.) and the Department of Medicine (N.K.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School (M.R.J.), and the Section of Vascular Medicine and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital (K.R.), Boston, HealthCore, Watertown (T.H.H., S.F.A., M.J.C., M.O., M.M.), and the Division of Vascular Surgery, UMass Memorial Health, Worcester (A.S.) - all in Massachusetts; the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.C., W.G., P.A.S.), the Division of Vascular Surgery, UC San Diego Health, La Jolla (A.B.), Coastal Cardiology, French Hospital Medical Center, San Luis Obispo (L.C.C.), and the Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (V.L.R.) - all in California; the Department of Interventional Radiology (J.A. Kaufman) and the Division of Vascular Surgery, School of Medicine (A.A.), Oregon Health and Science University, and the Operative Care Division, Portland VA Medical Center (M.C.K.) - all in Portland; the Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH (R.J.P., M.A.C., P.P.G.); the Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson (M.D.D.), and the Division of Vascular Surgery, Peak Heart and Vascular, Glendale (N.G.) - both in Arizona; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (D.R., G.S.); the Medical Device Innovation Consortium, National Evaluation System for Health Technology Coordinating Center, Arlington, VA (F.S.S.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia (C.J.W.); the Department of Interventional Radiology, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, WI (E.A.); the Iowa Heart Center, Des Moines (D.K.C.); the Division of Vascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Université Laval, Quebec City (Y.D.), and Dalhousie University, Division of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nova Scotia Health Association, Halifax (C.R.H.) - both in Canada; the Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (L.F.); the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Maine Medical Center, Portland (K.A.G.); the Cardiovascular Section, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City (B.M.H.); Westchester Medical Center and the Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, New York Medical College - both in Valhalla, NY (I.A.L.); the Vascular Medicine Outcomes Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT (C.M.-H.); the Division of Vascular Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.M.); and the Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital - both in Helsinki (M.V.).